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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βisaltam | om βisalt |
| 2SG: | βisaltat | ot βisalt |
| 3SG: | βisalteš | ok/ogeš βisalt |
| 1PL: | βisaltə̑na | ona/ogə̑na βisalt |
| 2PL: | βisaltə̑da | oda/ogə̑da βisalt |
| 3PL: | βisaltə̑t | ogə̑t βisalt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βisaltə̑m | šə̑m βisalt |
| 2SG: | βisaltə̑č́ | šə̑č́ βisalt |
| 3SG: | βisalte | ə̑š βisalt |
| 1PL: | βisaltna | ə̑šna βisalt |
| 2PL: | βisaltda | ə̑šda βisalt |
| 3PL: | βisaltə̑č́ | ə̑št βisalt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βisaltə̑nam | βisaltə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | βisaltə̑nat | βisaltə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | βisaltə̑n | βisaltə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | βisaltə̑nna | βisaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | βisaltə̑nda | βisaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | βisaltə̑nə̑t | βisaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βisaltam ə̑l'e | om βisalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βisaltat ə̑l'e | ot βisalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βisalteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš βisalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βisaltə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na βisalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βisaltə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da βisalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βisaltə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t βisalt ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βisaltam ulmaš | om βisalt ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βisaltat ulmaš | ot βisalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βisalteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš βisalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βisaltə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na βisalt ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βisaltə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da βisalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βisaltə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t βisalt ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βisaltə̑nam ə̑l'e | βisaltə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βisaltə̑nat ə̑l'e | βisaltə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βisaltə̑n ə̑l'e | βisaltə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βisaltə̑nna ə̑l'e | βisaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βisaltə̑nda ə̑l'e | βisaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βisaltə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | βisaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βisaltə̑nam ulmaš | βisaltə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βisaltə̑nat ulmaš | βisaltə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βisaltə̑n ulmaš | βisaltə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βisaltə̑nna ulmaš | βisaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βisaltə̑nda ulmaš | βisaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βisaltə̑nə̑t ulmaš | βisaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βisalt | it βisalt |
| 3SG: | βisaltše | ə̑nže βisalt |
| 1PL: | (βisaltə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na βisalt) |
| 2PL: | βisaltsa | ida βisalt |
| 3PL: | βisaltə̑št | ə̑nə̑št βisalt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βisaltnem | ə̑nem βisalt |
| 2SG: | βisaltnet | ə̑net βisalt |
| 3SG: | βisaltneže | ə̑než βisalt |
| 1PL: | βisaltnena | ə̑nena βisalt |
| 2PL: | βisaltneda | ə̑neda βisalt |
| 3PL: | βisaltnešt | ə̑nešt βisalt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βisaltnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem βisalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βisaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net βisalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βisaltneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než βisalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βisaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena βisalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βisaltneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda βisalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βisaltnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt βisalt ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βisaltnet ulmaš | ə̑net βisalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βisaltneže ulmaš | ə̑než βisalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βisaltneda ulmaš | ə̑neda βisalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βisaltnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt βisalt ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βisaltaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βisaltman |
| Active participle: | βisaltše |
| Passive participle: | βisaltme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βisaltšaš |
| Negative participle: | βisaltdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βisaltə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | βisaltde |
| Gerund of prior action: | βisaltmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βisaltmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βisaltšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | βisaltmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | βisaltdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||